Mount Network File systems (NFS,Samba) in Ubuntu

NFS

Network File System (NFS), a protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems in 1984 and defined in RFCs 1094, 1813, and 3530 (obsoletes 3010) as a distributed file system, allows a user on a client computer to access files over a network as easily as if attached to its local disks. NFS, like many other protocols, builds on the Open Network Computing Remote Procedure Call system (ONC RPC).

Samba

Samba is a free software re-implementation of SMB/CIFS networking protocol released under the GNU General Public License. As of version 3, Samba not only provides file and print services for various Microsoft Windows clients but can also integrate with a Windows Server domain, either as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) or as a Domain Member. It can also be part of an Active Directory domain.

Samba runs on most Unix and Unix-like systems, such as GNU/Linux, Solaris, and the BSD variants, including Apple's Mac OS X Server (it was added to the OS X workstation edition with version 10.2). It is standard on nearly all distributions of Linux and is commonly included as a basic system service on other Unix-based systems as well.

If you want to mount your NFS and samba file systems on ubuntu client machines you need to use the /etc/fstab file (short for filesystem table) keeps track of filesystems that you want to mount in static locations.

fstab file looks like below

#
# /etc/fstab

#

/dev/hdb5 / ext2 defaults 1 1
/dev/hdb2 /home ext2 defaults 1 2
/dev/hdc /mnt/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user 0 0
/dev/hda1 /mnt/dos/c msdos defaults 0 0
/dev/hdb1 /mnt/dos/d msdos defaults 0 0
/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy ext2 noauto,user 0 0
/dev/hdb4 none ignore defaults 0 0

none /proc proc defaults
/dev/hdb3 none swap sw

Note that this system has two IDE partitions, one which is used as /, and the other used as /home. It also has two DOS partitions which are mounted under /mnt. Note the user option provided for the cdrom, and the floppy drive. This is one of the many default parameters you can specify. In this case it means that any user can mount a cdrom, or floppy disk. Other options will be dealt with later.

Mount NFS and smb File systems

Network filesystems use slightly different syntax than ordinary partitions.Specifically, the syntax you use to describe the filesystem is different.

For this example, we have an NFS share on host server1 at /mnt/apps, and a SMB file share on host server2 called accounts. We want to mount the NFS share at /mnt/software and the SMB share at /mnt/music.

Before mount these file systems we need to create a directory where we are going to mount these shares, In this example i am going to create software and music two shares using the following commands

sudo mount /mnt/software

sudo mount /mnt/music

To mount both of these partitions at boot time you need to add the following lines to your /etc/fstab file

server1:/mnt/apps /mnt/software nfs defaults 0 0
//server2/music /mnt/music smb defaults 0 0

In the above example explained as follows

For NFS shares follow the hostname:/path/to/share syntax,

For SMB shares follow the //hostname/share syntax.

Other than that, the remaining fields are same for this example and If you want to use NFS or SMB options you can use in the options field.

If you don't want a partition to mount at boot time , add the noauto option to the list of options.

If you want to know more available options you can check fstab man page and mount man page

Read More......

Create backup of installed packages using APTonCD

APTonCD is a tool with a graphical interface which allows you to create one or more CDs or DVDs (you choose the type of media) with all of the packages you've downloaded via APT-GET or APTITUDE, creating a removable repository that you can use on other computers.One thing you need to remember this will create backup all the packages installed using apt-get,synaptic because these package arcives are stored in /var/cache/apt/archives

APTonCD will also allow you to automatically create media with all of your .deb packages located in one especific repository, so that you can install them into your computers without the need for an internet conection.

APTonCD Features

Create media with all your downloaded packages;

Create media with all packages from an especific repository

Download all official Ubuntu repositories (main,restricted,universe and multiverse) into removable media (CD/DVD);

Perform backup/restore all packages installed via apt;

Install, with the same CD/DVD, the same programs into several different machines;

Upgrade softwares/packages for several different machines, downloading them only one time;

Install APTonCD in Ubuntu

sudo apt-get install aptoncd

or you can download .deb package from here once you have this you can install using the following command

sudo dpkg -i aptoncd_0.1beta-1_all.deb

Backup all your installed Packages

This will complete the installation and if you want to open the application go to System -> Administration -> AptonCD

Once it opens you should see the following screen

In the above screen you can see two tabs called create and restore first one is create tab now if you want to create a backup of your installed packaged you need to click on "Create AptonCD" now you should see the following screen reading all the available packages from /var/cache/apt/archives directory Once it read all the packages and you should see the following screen


Here you can add any other packages you want to add and click ok

Here you can see APTonCD creating the necessary CD/DVD image and saves it in the location you had chosen is in progress

Here you can see the .iso image stored successfully in the location i had chosen and you can use this image you can burn CD/DVD

Restore Packages

If you want to restore your backup you need to click on restore tab now you should see the following screen this is having three options as follows

Restore APTonCD

Restores all packages available from an APTonCD media to your computer

Restore .iso Image

Restores packages from an APTonCD .iso image previously generated and stored locally

Add CD/DVD

Add a CD or DVD created as a repository for apt-get,aptitude or synaptic

You can choose which one is suitable for you and restore all your packages

APTonCD Version Details

This tools is very useful if you want to install same packages in different machine you can save your bandwidth and if you have slow internet connection

Read More......

How to Install Java Runtime Environment (JRE) in Ubuntu

Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s. Java applications are compiled to bytecode, which at runtime is either interpreted or compiled to native machine code for execution.

The language itself derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object model and fewer low-levelfacilities. JavaScript, a scripting language, shares a similar name and has similar syntax, but is not directly related to Java.

Currently Ubuntu has the following Java packages

sun-java5-bin - Contains the binaries

sun-java5-demo - Contains demos and examples

sun-java5-doc - Contains the documentation

sun-java5-fonts - Contains the Lucida TrueType fonts from the JRE

sun-java5-jdk - Contains the metapackage for the JDK

sun-java5-jre - Contains the metapackage for the JRE

sun-java5-plugin - Contains the plug-in for Mozilla-based browsers

sun-java5-source - Contains source files for the JDK

Installing the Java Runtime Environment

First you need to check multiverse repository enabled or not after that open a terminal window. Since you are going to be installing the JRE and the web browser plug-in, you'll be using the following command from a terminal

sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jre sun-java5-plugin sun-java5-fonts

Once it downloads the packages and begins the installation, you'll get a screen that contains the Sun Operating System Distributor License for Java and hit Enter to continue. You'll see a dialog that asks you if you agree with the DLJ license terms. Select Yes, and hit Enter; the JRE will finish installing.

Testing Java Runtime Environment

You'll want to confirm that your system is configured properly for Sun's JRE. This is a two-step process.

First, check that the JRE is properly installed by running the following command from a terminal.

java -version

You should get similar output

java version "1.5.0_08"
Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build 1.5.0_08-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.5.0_08-b03, mixed mode, sharing)

Testing Java Plugin for Firefox

open Firefox and typing about:plugins in the address bar and check for java plugin

Read More......

Install Popular Applications in Ubuntu Feisty Fawn Using Automatix2

Automatix is a graphical interface for automating the installation of the most commonly requested applications in Debian based Linux operating systems.

Install Automatix2 in Ubuntu Feisty Fawn

Open terminal from Applications—>Accessories—>Terminal From terminal do the following enter each line and press enter

echo “deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt Feisty main”¦sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

wget http://www.getautomatix.com/apt/key.gpg.asc

gpg --import automatix2.key

gpg --export --armor E23C5FC3 sudo apt-key add -

Now you need to update your source list using the following command

sudo apt-get update

Install Automatix2 Using the following command

sudo apt-get install automatix2

This will complete the installation and now if you want to open the application you need to go to Applications—>System Tools—>Automatix you can see in the following screen

This will prompt for root password and enter your root password and click ok

Multimedia codecs License information just click on yes

Automatix2 is loading

Automatix2 is Updating Source list

Now you should see the following screen this is having different softwares in different categories

“Burning and Ripping” this contains the following applications

Brasero - CD Burning tool for the GNOME Desktop

GnomeBaker - The Best GTK2 CD/DVD Burning Software

Ripper and Tuner - Streamripper and Streamtuner

xDVDshrink - Linux CounterPart of DVDshrink

“Chat Clients” contains the following applications

AMSN 0.97 - MSN Client With Webcam Support

Gaim 2.0 Beta6 and extras - Install Gaim 2.0 Beta6 and extras

Gyachi - Yahoo Messanger With Voice,Webcam and lots of other features

Skype - A free Voice over IP Software

XChat - Install XChat

“Codecs and Plugins” contains the following applications

AUD-DVD Codecs - NON-FREE Audio and DVD codecs

Flash Player - Installs the adobe Flash Player Plugin for firefox

Mplayer and FF Plugin - Mplayer and Firefox 2.0 plugin

Multimedia Codecs - Commonly needed audio and video codecs

SUN Java 1.6 JRE - Sun's Version 1.6 JRE and the firefox plugin

Swiftfox Plugins - Installs commonly used Swiftfox Plugins,MS Fonts

“Commercial Software” contains the following applications

Crossover Office Professional 6.0-1 - Install and Run Windows applications like MS Office and Adobe Photoshop on Ubuntu

Crossover Office Standard 6.0-1 - Install and Run Windows applications like MS Office and Adobe Photoshop on Ubuntu

“Drivers” contains the following applications

Lightscribe for Linux - LaCie LightScribe Labeler for Linux

NDISWrapper - A driver wrapper that allows you to use windows drivers for network cards

Nvidia Driver - Installs nVidia drivers on select nVidia cards

“Email Clients” contains the following applications

Checkgmail - Gmail checker which sits in your system tray

Thunderbird 1.5 - Installs Thunderbird 1.5

“Eyecandy” contains the following applications

Gdesklets - Installs Gdesklets

“File Sharing” contains the following applications

Azures - Installs Azureus bittorrent client

Bittornado - A GTK Bittorent Client for GNOME

DCPP - Linux DC++ client

Frostwire - Install Frostwire P2P client

aMule - Latest version of a P2P file sharing client

“Media Players and Editors” contains the following applications

Audacity - A Versatile audio editor

Avidemux - Video Editing Tool

Beep Media Player - A classic winamp style audio player

DVD Ripper - Installs a GTK based DVD ripper

Easytag - A Versatile mp3 tag editor

Exaile - Amarok like music manager for Gnome

Kino - A Versatile Video editor

Listen Media Manager - Latest Version of a new media manager and player for GNOME

RealPlayer - Installs RealPlayer

Songbird - Music Manager

Totem Xine - A media player

VLC Media Player - Another Versatile media player

iLinux - iLife Alternative and Ipod programs and libraries

“Miscellaneous” contains the following applications

Automatix read/write NTFS and FAT32 Mounter - Automatically mounts all local FAT32 and NTFS Partitions and makes them writable

Ctrl-Alt-Del - This Configures Ctrl-Alt-Del to Open Gnome System Monitor

Debian Menu - Shows all installed applications on your system

Extra Fonts - Additional fonts and msttcorefonts

Nautilus Scripts - Open Nautilus, and any file with gedit with a right click, as root (GNOME ONLY)

Slab - Installs Novell’s “Slab” menu used in SLED 10

“Office” contains the following applications

Acrobat Reader - Adobe Acrobat Reader and plugin for Firefox 2.0

GnuCash - Money management software for GNOME

Google Earth - Satellite Earth imagery application from Google

Google Picasa - Photo editing application from Google

OpenOffice Clipart - clipart in OpenOffice

“Programming Tools” contains the following applications

Anjuta - C/C++ Development enviroment

Bluefish - HTML Editor

Gambas - Gambas is a free development environment based on Basic interpreter like Visual Basic

Monodevelop - C#/Boo/Java/Nemerle/lLasm Development enviroment

Screem - Gnome website development environment

Scribus - Desktop publishing software

Stanis Python Editor - A powerful python IDE

“Utilities” contains the following applications

Archiving Tools - Additional archiving tools (rar, unrar, ace, and 7zip)

Backup and Restore - A graphical backup and restore solution for Ubuntu (GNOME)

Beagle - A Mono-based desktop search program

Boot-up Manager - Easy configuration of startup and shutdown scripts and services

GFTP - FTP client for GNOME with ssh capability

Glipper - Clipboard Manager for Gnome

Gnome Security Suite - ClamAV Antivirus and Firestarter Firewall

GnomePPP - Graphical dialup connection tool

Liferea - A RSS reader for GNOME

Network Manager - A Program and menu applet that allows you to easily change networks

“Virtualization” contains the following applications

VMware Player - Runs virtual operating systems

VirtualBox - Runs virtual operating systems

Wine - Installs wine

“Web Browsers” contains the following applications

Opera Browser - Installs Opera Web Browser

Swiftfox Browser - Installs Swiftfox browser for your specific CPU

Example

Now we will see one example how to install Opera web browser using automatix first you need to check the tick box option available next to opera browser application

Now if you want to start installation you need to click on start button available at the top panel

Opera Web Browser installation in progress

Uninstall applications Using Automatix

If you want to uninstall any application which you installed using automatix you need to click on uninstall tab select the application you want to uninstall and click on start button on top

Automatix2 is having new feature when you can check your automatix activitylog, changelog, Errors and Information and Source list

Sample Activitylog Report

Sample Changelog Report

Automatix2 Version details

Read More......

How to Set-up a gameport,gamepad or joystick in Ubuntu

If you want gameport,gamepad or joystick to work in Ubuntu you need to follow this procedure

Basics of Game Port,Gamepad and Joystick

Game Port

The game port is the traditional connector for video game input devices on an x86-based PCs. The game port is usually integrated with a PC I/O or sound card, either ISA or PCI, or as an on-board feature of some motherboards. The game port is no longer supported by Windows Vista and will thus likely largely disappear.

Gamepad

A gamepad, also called joypad or control pad, is a type of game controller held in the hand, where the digits (especially thumbs) are used to provide input. Gamepads generally feature a set of action buttons handled with the right thumb and a direction controller handled with the left. The direction controller has traditionally been a four-way digital cross (D-pad), but most modern controllers additionally (or as a substitute) feature an analog stick. The analog stick was introduced with the Atari 5200 controller, but did not reach popularity until the Nintendo 64, Sony PlayStation, and Sega Saturn.

Joystick

A joystick is a personal computer peripheral or general control device consisting of a handheld stick that pivots about one end and transmits its angle in two or three dimensions to a computer. Most joysticks are two-dimensional, having two axes of movement (similar to a mouse), but three-dimensional joysticks do exist. A joystick is generally configured so that moving the stick left or right signals movement along the X axis, and moving it forward (up) or back (down) signals movement along the Y axis. In joysticks that are configured for three-dimensional movement, twisting the stick left (counter-clockwise) or right (clockwise) signals movement along the Z axis. These three axes - X Y and Z - are, in relation to an aircraft, roll, pitch, and yaw.

Now we will see how to configure some Game Port,Gamepad,Joystick modules in Ubuntu

First, we need to check if the gameport module is already loaded.

In a terminal, type the following command

lsmod

It should display a list of the currently loaded modules.

One of the lines should begin with 'gamepad'

gameport 17160 2 snd_es1938

If you didn't find any similar line, look for the way to enable the gameport for your specific sound card in the list below.

Now, we need to setup the gamepad/joystick.Again in a terminal, type the following

sudo modprobe joydev

Testing and calibrating the gamepad/joystick

If you want to check if everything's working correctly or/and you want to callibrate your device, you can try out jscalibrator.

What is jscalibrator ?

GTK Joystick Calibrator With jscalibrator you can calibrate your joystick for Linux games. The Joystick Wrapper library (libjsw) is designed to provide a uniform API and user configuration for joysticks and other game controllers on all platforms.

It features an integrated library level calibration system using jscalibrator to provide a one time calibration for any program that uses libjsw. libjsw also features several levels of advanced joystick input error correction.

Install jscalibrator in Ubuntu

sudo apt-get install jscalibrator

If you want to use this program run the following command from your terminal

jscalibrator

A new window should appear which should allow you to test and calibrate your device.

List of gameports, gamepads/joysticks and their corresponding commands

Gameports

Classic ISA/PnP gameports

sudo modprobe ns558

Crystal SoundFusion gameports

sudo modprobe cs461x

Aureal Vortex and Trident 4DWave gameports

sudo modprobe pcigame

SoundBlaster Live! gameports

sudo modprobe emu10k1-gp

Any other gameports(If your sound card isn't one of the above and you couldn't find it in lsmod, try this command)

sudo modprobe gameport

Gamepads and joysticks

Analog joysticks and gamepads (Most gamepads and joysticks, especially generic ones, work well with this one)

sudo modprobe analog

Assassin 3D and MadCatz Panther devices

sudo modprobe a3d

Logitech ADI digital joysticks and gamepads

sudo modprobe adi

Creative Labs Blaster Cobra gamepad

sudo modprobe cobra

Genius Flight2000 Digital joysticks and gamepads

sudo modprobe gf2k

Gravis GrIP joysticks and gamepads

sudo modprobe grip

InterAct digital joysticks and gamepads

sudo modprobe interact

ThrustMaster DirectConnect joysticks and gamepads

sudo modprobe tmdc

Microsoft SideWinder digital joysticks and gamepads

sudo modprobe sidewinder

Microsoft xbox controller then the command is

sudo modprobe xpad

then do jscalibrator

Some parts of this procedure from here

Read More......

Fix for SSH slow to ask for password in Ubuntu Feisty Fawn

When you try to login using ssh some users might find asking for ssh password is slow here is the solution how to fix this problem.

Solution 1

Edit the /etc/ssh/ssh_config file using the following command

sudo vi /etc/ssh/ssh_config

Commentout the following lines

GSSAPIAuthentication yes
GSSAPIDelegateCredentials no

save the file and exit

Solution 2

If you got to System>Administration>Network

Now you should see similar to following screen here click the "General" tab

You need to Uncheck the option that says "Scan for available services and advertise . . ." and close

Now you can try to login using ssh you should see it will prompt for password immediately

Read More......

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) Release Dates

In addition to Ubuntu 6-months stable releases and the next version of ubuntu is 7.10 with Code Name “Gutsy Gibbon”.

Mark Shuttleworth about Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

On a personal note, the monkey on my back has been composite-by-default,which I had hoped would happen in Edgy, then Feisty. I'm nervous to predict it now for Gutsy, for fear of a third strike, but I'm told that great work is being done in the Compiz/Beryl community and upstream in X. There's a reasonable chance that Gutsy will deliver where those

others have not. I remain convinced that malleable, transparent and extra-dimensional GUI's are a real opportunity for the free software community to take a lead in the field of desktop innovation, and am keen to see the underlying technologies land in Ubuntu, but we have to balance that enthusiasm with the Technical Board's judgement of the stability and maturity of those fundamental layers.

Now you can make a note of ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) release dates in you calender

Important Dates

April 2007

April 26th - Toolchain Uploaded

May 2007

May 10th - Development Summit

May 31st - Specifications must be finalized

June 2007

June 7th - Tribe CD 1

June 21th - DebianImportFreeze ,Remaining upstream merges completed, Rebuild Test

June 28st - Tribe CD 2

July 2007

July 12th - Developer Sprint

July 19th - Tribe CD 3

August 2007

August 16th - FeatureFreeze,UpstreamVersionFreeze ,ArtworkDeadlineOne,UVF Universe

August 23rd - Tribe CD 5

August 30th - ArtworkDeadlineTwo,NewPackagesFreezeUniverse

September 2007

September 6th - Tribe CD 6

September 13th - StringFreeze

September 20th - BetaFreeze,FeistyArtworkFinalDeadline

September 27th - BetaRelease

October 2007

October 4th - NonLanguagePackTranslationDeadline,KernelFreeze

October 11th - ReleaseCandidate,LanguagePackTranslationDeadline

October 18th - FinalRelease

Details about Each Release

Feature Freeze

The point at which we cease creating and modifying internal features and packages. This means we’re pretty much locked down for bugfixes only.

Exceptions requiring confirmation

Packages in or relating to high-priority ReleasenameFeatureGoals

Major/minor fixes, within reason

Exceptional circumstances

Upstream Version Freeze

The point at which we cease accepting new upstream versions of packages, whether they are sourced from Debian or not. Selected Debian releases of the same upstream versions may still be pulled in for bug-fixes, but this would be a manual process.

Exceptions requiring confirmation

Packages in or relating to FeatureGoals

Minor fixes, if the upstream change is a micro-increment (or equivalent)

Major fixes, particularly blockers, if the upstream change is a minor-increment (or equivalent)

Exceptional circumstances

String Freeze

A string freeze is initiated in the project when all the human readable portions of code are no longer allowed to change. This gives the translation teams a chance to complete their translations without having to redo changed text. It also allows documentation to mention the actual UI names and messages.

Beta Freeze

Anal-retentive, high-caution period until the Beta Release goes out. Release and relevant section team confirmed fixes only! Once the BetaRelease is shipped, we roll back to FeatureFreeze status.

Exceptions requiring confirmation

ReleaseCriticalBug

SecurityCriticalBug

Exceptional circumstances

Beta Release

The BetaRelease is a testing oriented pre-release, usually one month before the Final Release.

Non Language Pack Translation Deadline

Some translation data cannot currently be updated via the language pack mechanism. Because these items require more disruptive integration work, they are subject to an earlier deadline. Translations which fall into this category are:

The Ubuntu installer

Translations which don’t use gettext, including:

Firefox

debconf templates

desktop notifications via notification-daemon

Strings visible in the default desktop (live CDs don’t get language pack updates)

Default menu items

Panel strings

All menu entries in KDE applications, which does not support translation via language packs

Kernel Freeze

The kernel freeze is a deadline for kernel updates, since they require several lockstep actions which must be folded into the CD building process. As with other freeze dates, exceptional circumstances may justify exemptions to the freeze, at the exception of the release managers.

Release Candidate (RC)

The release candidate is a production-quality pre-release one week before the final release.

Language Pack Translation Deadline

Translation data using the Language Pack mechanism is due at this deadline.

See NonLanguagePackTranslationDeadline for non Language Pack data.

Final Release

The final release is the finished product which is distributed with an official Ubuntu release number.

Read More......

Desktop Data Manager(DDM) for Ubuntu Desktop

Desktop Data Manager is a Clipboard Manager for GNOME similar to Klipper for KDE. With DDM it is possible to display different types of content like text or images.Additional DDM includes a screenshot taking application which is able to take screenshots from a single window/subwindow, rectangle of the screen or the whole desktop.

Desktop Data Manager Features

Clipboard history for a customized number of entries

Separate list for CLIPBOARD (Ctrl+C/Ctrl+V) and PRIMARY (Middle Mouse Button)

Displays text and images inline

Converts HTML/FTP/... links (in fact any link that is supported through GnomeVFS) to images which can be pasted into any application

Images can be pasted as a new file by simply using Ctrl+V

Customizable keyboard shortcuts

Extensible through plugins

Install Desktop Data Manager in Ubuntu

First you need to download the latest .deb package from here using the following command

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/data-manager/desktop-data-manager_0.8.10_i386.deb

Now you have desktop-data-manager_0.8.10_i386.deb package you need to install this using the following command

sudo dpkg -i desktop-data-manager_0.8.10_i386.deb

This will complete the installation.Now you need to open Desktop Data Manager go to Applications--->Accessories--->Desktop Data Manager

Now you should see the following icon marked with red in your system tray

If you want to see the available options right click on the above icon

If you want to take a screenshot right click you can select Take A Screenshot option

You should see the following screen with the available options

Once it finishes the screenshot you should see the following screen

If you want to see the preferences right click you can select Preferences

Once it opens the preferences window you should see the following screen

One more important feature is DDM collects both text and graphics when you perform copy or cut functions, and displays them when you click the icon.To insert a clipboard item, you select it from the DDM icon, then use a program's normal paste function.

Read More......

View Hidden Files and Folders in Ubuntu File Browser

The Ubuntu file browser does not show hidden files or folders by default, only the files that your user has access to.Here is the small tip how to view Hidden Files and Folders in Ubuntu File Browser.

Here’s what file browser looks like when browsing the root file system normally

As you can see, all of the hidden/system folders are not shown. If you hit Ctrl+H at this screen, you will immediately see all the hidden files.

If you would just prefer to make this be the default setting when using file browser, go to the Edit menu and select Preferences

Check the “Show hidden and backup files” checkbox, and you should now see the hidden files all of the time.

Read More......

How To Import mails from Evolution to Thunderbird

If you want to Import your mails from Evolution to Thunderbird there is very nice utility called MboxImport .

Thunderbird, like many other email clients, uses the mbox format to archive the emails.It's curious that Thundebird has not a function that let you import or export files in this format and this lack is sometimes a problem when you want to move the accounts from a pc to another one or when you want to migrate (for example) from Mozilla to Thunderbird.Anyway this kind of import can be made very easily copying the mbox file into the directory "Local Folders" (it is inside the profile directory) with Thunderbird close; restarting the program, the mbox file will be visible as sub folder of Local Folders.To export, you must just copy the email files that are inside the account's folder.This method can give some troubles, above all for people not very expert with Thunderbird, because the profile's files are into a hidden directory, whose path changes with the operative systems or also with personal needs.

First you need to download MboxImport from here

Install MboxImport in Thunderbird

In Thunderbird, go in "Tools" --> "Extensions" and click on "Install";

pick the xpi file you downloaded and follow the instructions;

restart Thunderbird.

To export, it's sufficient a right-click on the folder or on the account and to choose the voice you want from the menu "Import/export".

Once you have saved all the folders/files into the Mbox format, just go into Evolution and select "Import" and follow the wizard using "a single file import" and select your xxxx.mbox file and then select which folder in Evolution you want to import into.

For importing the address book from Thunderbird to Evolution, use T-birds address book export function and save the address book as a .csv file.After finishing address book check everything is fine or not.

Read More......

Streaming Media Server in Ubuntu GNU/Linux

The GNU MP3/Media Streamer is a simple application which makes it possible to navigate through your audio and video collection via a browser, and stream playlists across a network.GNUMP3d is a streaming server for MP3s, OGG vorbis files, movies and other media formats.The software supports browsing, searching, and streaming all via your browser with support for MP3, OGG Vorbis, WMA and many other types of audio files.

If you have a large music collection then streaming it across a LAN, or the internet, is a logical thing to do with it.Now we will have a look at gnump3d.

Gnump3d features

• Small, stable, portable, self-contained, and secure.
  
• Simple to install, configure, and use.


• Portable across different varieties of Unix, the GNU Operating System, and Microsoft Windows platforms.

Install Gnump3d in Ubuntu

sudo apt-get install gnump3d

This will install all the required packages for gnump3d

When the software is installed it will have the following options configured

The directory containing all your media, /var/music by default.

The port number the server should listen upon, 8888 by default.

The user the daemon should run as, gnump3d by default.

Now you need to access go to http://youripaddress:8888 you should see similar to the following screen

To change the theme you wish to use simply click upon the "Preferences" link and you should see the following screen here you can change theme

Default Configuration file located at /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf you can change this for your needs most common things users change is The default theme,The security options,The downsampling support.

Change the default directory containing multimedia files for GNUMP3d

By default multimedia files location is /var/music.If you want to change this to /home/music using the following steps

Backup existing config file

sudo cp /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf_backup

Edit the configfile

gksudo gedit /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf

Search for the following line

root = /var/music

Replace with the following line

root = /home/music

Find this line

user = gnump3d

Replace with the following line

user = root

Save and exit file

Restart gnump3d service using the following command

sudo /etc/init.d/gnump3d restart

Change the default port number for GNUMP3d

By Default gnump3d server port will listen port number 8888.If you want to change to 7878 use the following steps

Backup existing config file

sudo cp /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf_backup

Edit the configfile

gksudo gedit /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf

Find this line

port = 8888

Replace with the following line

port = 7878

Save and exit the edited file

Restart gnump3d service using the following command

sudo /etc/init.d/gnump3d restart

Now you can access at http://youripaddress:7878

Adding files to gnump3d

Now, you'll probably want to add some files to gnump3d. The default directory is /var/music.

There are many different ways to copy files into your server from another Ubuntu machine,More secure way is using openssh. On the Ubuntu box that you want to copy the files from, open a terminal and type

sudo apt-get install openssh

Assuming that the path of a folder to copy is /home/username/music and the local IP of the remote Ubuntu computer is xxx.xxx.x.xxx, and the directory where the copied files will go is /var/music, go you your server and type

cd /var/music sudo su scp -r username@xxx.xxx.x.xxx:/home/username/music

Once you copied some files you should see similar to the following screen

Read More......

Step By Step Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) GNU/Linux LAMP Server Setup

Automatic LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP) In about 20 minutes, the time it takes to install Ubuntu Edgy Server Edition, you can have a LAMP server up and ready to go. This feature, exclusive to Ubuntu Server Edition, is available at the time of installation.

The LAMP option saves the trouble of installing and integrating each of the four separate LAMP components, a process which can take hours and requires someone who is skilled in the installation and configuration of the individual applications. You get increased security, reduced time to install, and reduced risk of misconfiguration, all of which results in a lower cost of ownership.

Ubuntu LAMP server Install the following Versions

Ubuntu Edgy Eft 6.10
Apache 2.0.55
Mysql 5.0.24a
PHP 5.1.6

First you need to download server version of Ubuntu version from here after that you create a CD and start booting with the CD Once it starts booting you should see the following screen in this you need to select second option "Install to the Hard disk Option" and press enter

Choose you language and press enter you can see we have selected english in the follwoing screen

Choose your location and press enter you can see we have have selected United Kingdom in the follwoing screen

If you want to try to have your keyboard layout detected by pressing a series of keys you need to select yes option and if you don't want that and you want to choose from a list click no in this example we have selected no and press enter

Select Origin of keyboard and press enter

Select keyboard layout and press enter

Detecting hardware to find CD-ROM Drivers in progress

Scanning CD-ROM in Progress

Loading additional components progress bar

Configures the network with DHCP if there is a DHCP server in the network

Enter the Hostname of the system so in this example i enter here as ubuntulamp

Detecting Disks and Hardware in progress

Startingup the partitioner in progress

you have to partition your hard disk in this i have selected manually edit the partition table and press enter

It will show you the hard disk space and press enter here i am using vmware with 10.7GB of space

Create a New partition table on the device select yes and press enter

Now you can see the freespace and press enter

How to use this freespace select create a new partition and press enter

Enter the new patition size and press continue i have entered 100mb in this example

Select the type of the partition and press enter in this example i have selected primary

Location for the new partition as begining and press enter

Now you need to select the mount point with the following screen and press enter to change mount point

Now you can see the available mount points and here i have selected /boot mount point and press enter

Now you should see the following screen and here you need to select "Done Setting Up the Partition" option and press enter This will create the /boot mount point with 100mb of space and you can create the / mount point in the same way with the existing space.

you can see this in the following screen here you need to select "Finish partitioning and write changes to disk" option and press enter

Write the changes to disk option here you need to select yes and press enter

Creating ext3 filesystem in progress

Configuring the clock option here if you want to leave UTC Select yes otherwise no and press enter

You need enter the Full name of the user you want to create for your server in this example i have created administrator user select continue and press enter

username for your account in this i have entered test select continue and press enter

Entered the password for test user select continue and press enter

Confirm the password for test user select continue and press enter

Installing the base system in progress

Configuring package mirror this will be related to your country option

Now it will start Installing software and here you need to select the server options if you want DNS or LAMP i have selected as LAMP for our LAMP server installation

Software Installation in Progress

Installing GRUB Boot loader in progress

Installation complete message here you need to remove your CD select continue and press enter it will reboot your server

After rebooting you can see the following screen prompt for username

This will complete the Ubuntu LAMP Server Installation and your server is ready for installing applications which supports apache,mysql and php.

Configuring Static ip address in Ubuntu server

Ubuntu installer has configured our system to get its network settings via DHCP, Now we will change that to a static IP address for this you need to edit Edit /etc/network/interfaces and enter your ip address details (in this example setup I will use the IP address 172.19.0.10):

sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces

and enter the following save the file and exit

# The primary network interface

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 172.19.0.10
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 172.19.0.0
broadcast 172.19.0.255
gateway 172.19.0.1

Now you need to restart your network services using the following command

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

You need to setup manually DNS servers in resolv.conf file when you are not using DHCP.

sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf

You need to add look something like this

search domain.com

nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Install SSH Server

If you want to access your server remotely through SSH you need to install SSH server for this you need to run the following command

sudo apt-get install ssh openssh-server

You will be prompted to insert the installation CD again and this will complete SSH server in your edgy lamp server.

This is really simple and easy server installation for new users and who wants a quick server.

One small Observation i have noticed in edgy LAMP installation and dapper LAMP installation was choosing LAMP server option is available in dapper at the time of booting your server CD and in edgy you need to select LAMP server option at the time of software installation.

This might be useful for users who might think there is no LAMP server option at the time of start booting their Edgy server CD.

After completing your Edgy LAMP Server Installation some of users may not be comfortable with command prompt for those users they can install webmin for their server web interface to configure apache,mysql servers.

Read More......

Bash Shell Keyboard Shortcuts For Linux Users

The default shell on most Linux operating systems is called Bash. There are a couple of important hotkeys that you should get familiar with if you plan to spend a lot of time at the command line. These shortcuts will save you a ton of time if you learn them.

Here is the List of Bash Shell Keyboard Shortcuts For Linux Users

• Ctrl + A - Go to the beginning of the line you are currently typing on


• Ctrl + E - Go to the end of the line you are currently typing on


• Ctrl + L - Clears the Screen, similar to the clear command


• Ctrl + U - Clears the line before the cursor position. If you are at the end of the line, clears the entire line.


• Ctrl + H - Same as backspace


• Ctrl + R - Let’s you search through previously used commands


• Ctrl + C - Kill whatever you are running


• Ctrl + D - Exit the current shell


• Ctrl + Z - Puts whatever you are running into a suspended background process. fg restores it.


• Ctrl + W - Delete the word before the cursor


• Ctrl + K - Clear the line after the cursor


• Ctrl + T - Swap the last two characters before the cursor


• Esc + T - Swap the last two words before the cursor


• Alt + F - Move cursor forward one word on the current line


• Alt + B - Move cursor backward one word on the current line


• Tab - Auto-complete files and folder names


• Ctrl + W - erase word before cursor


• Ctrl + Y - to paste it (as in delete and copy) all text in front of the cursor


• Esc + . (or Esc + Underscore) - Insert Last Argument


• Ctrl + b - Move back a character


• Ctrl + f - Move forward a character


• Ctrl + r - Search the history backwards


• Ctrl + xx - Move between EOL and current cursor position


• Ctrl + x @ - Show possible hostname completions


• Alt + < - Move to the first line in the history


• Alt + > - Move to the last line in the history


• Alt + ? - Show current completion list


• Alt + * - Insert all possible completions


• Alt + / - Attempt to complete filename


• Alt + . - Yank last argument to previous command


• Alt + c - Capitalize the word


• Alt + d - Delete word


• Alt + l - Make word lowercase


• Alt + n - Search the history forwards non-incremental


• Alt + p - Search the history backwards non-incremental


• Alt + r - Recall command


• Alt + t - Move words around


• Alt + u - Make word uppercase


• Alt + back-space - Delete backward from cursor


• Here "2T" means Press TAB twice


• $ 2T - All available commands(common)


• $ (string) 2T - All available commands starting with (string)


• $ /2T - Entire directory structure including Hidden one


• $ 2T - Only Sub Dirs inside including Hidden one


• $ *2T - Only Sub Dirs inside without Hidden one


• $ ~2T - All Present Users on system from "/etc/passwd"


• $ $2T - All Sys variables


• $ @2T - Entries from "/etc/hosts"


• $ =2T - Output like ls or dir

Useful Note that some of these commands may not work if you are accessing bash through a telnet ,ssh session, or depending on how you have your keys mapped.

Read More......